What does "named insured" mean and how is it different from additional insured?

The Named Insured is the policyholder — the person or entity in whose name the policy is issued and who has all the rights and obligations under the policy (right to make claims, right to receive premium refunds, obligation to pay premium, obligation to disclose accurate information). The First Named Insured is the primary entity when there are multiple named insureds (common in policies covering related entities); they receive notices, sign documents, and bind decisions for all named insureds. Additional Insureds (covered above) are entities added to the policy by endorsement for protection against liability arising from the named insured's operations — they have coverage but not full policyholder rights.